Traffic Signs

Signs are grouped by shape and color: red for stop, yield and prohibitions, yellow for warnings, white for regulations, orange for work zones and green for guidance. Knowing the shape alone lets you react before you can read the legend.

183 practice questions with answers. These rules are the same in every state.

Traffic Signs quiz

Answer at your own pace. After each question you see the correct answer and why, and at the end a review of what you missed.

Quick quiz: 10 random questions on traffic signs; pass with 8 correct.

Traffic Signs questions with answers

Which sign shape is reserved for one message only, the requirement to stop?
1. The octagon
2. The upward-pointing pentagon
3. The horizontal rectangle
4. The diamond
Show answer

Answer A: The octagon

The octagon is used for the stop sign and for no other message, so the outline alone identifies the requirement even when the legend is hard to read.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What color scheme does a standard stop sign use?
1. Black legend and border on a white background
2. White legend and border on a red background
3. White legend on a green background
4. Black legend on a yellow background
Show answer

Answer B: White legend and border on a red background

The stop sign carries a white legend and border on a red background, the color set aside for stop, yield and prohibition messages.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver reaching a stop sign is required to do what?
1. Slow to a walking pace and roll through if nobody is visible
2. Stop only when another vehicle is already waiting
3. Sound the horn and continue without stopping
4. Come to a complete stop and then proceed only when it is safe
Show answer

Answer D: Come to a complete stop and then proceed only when it is safe

A stop sign requires a full stop before the stop line, crosswalk or intersection, after which the driver may go on once the way is clear.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
How is the yield sign shaped and colored?
1. A yellow diamond with a black legend and a black border, the same as a warning sign
2. A red octagon with a white legend and a narrow white border all around
3. A downward-pointing triangle with a wide red border and a red legend on white
4. A blue square with a white legend and a white reflective border
Show answer

Answer C: A downward-pointing triangle with a wide red border and a red legend on white

The yield sign is a downward-pointing equilateral triangle with a wide red border and the legend in red on a white background, an outline used for no other message.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What does a yield sign require of a driver?
1. Slow down, and stop when necessary, so conflicting traffic can go first
2. Always stop completely, exactly as at a stop sign
3. Accelerate so that other traffic can pass behind
4. Continue at the same speed, because approaching traffic must give way
Show answer

Answer A: Slow down, and stop when necessary, so conflicting traffic can go first

A yield sign obliges the driver to reduce to a speed suited to conditions and to stop when needed so that conflicting traffic or pedestrians are not interfered with.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A square sign with a red field, a wide white horizontal bar and the words DO NOT ENTER tells a driver that
1. the roadway ahead may be entered after yielding
2. the roadway ahead must not be entered from that point
3. only passenger cars are allowed to continue
4. the road is closed for construction until morning
Show answer

Answer B: the roadway ahead must not be entered from that point

The do not enter sign is posted at the end of a one-way roadway or ramp to keep traffic from driving into it against the flow.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A rectangular red sign with the white words WRONG WAY means that
1. a detour begins ahead
2. the lane is reserved for buses
3. the driver is already traveling against the legal flow and must not continue
4. the driver may continue after checking for oncoming vehicles
Show answer

Answer C: the driver is already traveling against the legal flow and must not continue

The wrong way sign uses a white legend and border on red and addresses a driver who has entered a ramp or one-way roadway in the wrong direction, who should stop and turn around safely.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On a regulatory sign, what does a red circle with a diagonal slash drawn over a symbol mean?
1. The action shown by the symbol is recommended
2. The symbol shows a service located ahead
3. The symbol marks a temporary condition that ends soon
4. The movement or action shown by the symbol is prohibited
Show answer

Answer D: The movement or action shown by the symbol is prohibited

A red circle with a diagonal slash is the standard way of showing that the movement pictured inside it, such as a U-turn or a right turn, is not allowed.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What is the function of a regulatory sign?
1. To inform road users of traffic laws or regulations that apply at that location
2. To warn of an unexpected condition on or beside the road ahead
3. To point out nearby fuel, food, lodging and rest areas available to travelers
4. To give the distance remaining to the next town and to the main destination on that route
Show answer

Answer A: To inform road users of traffic laws or regulations that apply at that location

Regulatory signs state requirements that carry the force of law where they are posted, so disregarding one is a violation rather than a lapse of judgment.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The crossbuck, formed by two rectangular arms crossed in an X, is placed
1. at the start of a no-passing zone on a two-lane road
2. at the entrance to a rest area beside the main roadway
3. at the end of a divided highway where the median ends
4. on each highway approach to a railroad grade crossing
Show answer

Answer D: on each highway approach to a railroad grade crossing

The crossbuck marks the location of a highway-rail grade crossing and is required on each highway approach to that crossing.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
At a railroad crossing with no gates and no flashing lights, the crossbuck is normally combined with which sign?
1. A speed limit sign showing the maximum speed for the crossing
2. A brown recreational area sign naming the nearest park entrance
3. A yield sign, or a stop sign where an engineering study calls for one
4. A blue motorist services sign listing the facilities available further on
Show answer

Answer C: A yield sign, or a stop sign where an engineering study calls for one

At a passive crossing the crossbuck forms an assembly with a yield sign, or with a stop sign when an engineering study or engineering judgment supports it, so the driver knows who must give way to the train.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A preferential lane sign reads HOV 2+ and lists the hours it applies. During those hours, which vehicles may use the lane?
1. Vehicles carrying at least two people, counting the driver
2. Vehicles carrying at least two people, not counting the driver
3. Any vehicle traveling faster than the posted minimum speed
4. Two-axle vehicles only, whatever the number of occupants
Show answer

Answer A: Vehicles carrying at least two people, counting the driver

The number on an HOV sign is the minimum number of occupants, driver included, that a vehicle must carry to use the lane while the restriction is in effect.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A diamond-shaped sign is used to
1. warn of a condition on or next to the road that may call for caution
2. state a law that the driver must obey at that exact location
3. give the distance and direction to a named destination ahead
4. identify the fuel, food and lodging services available at the next exit
Show answer

Answer A: warn of a condition on or next to the road that may call for caution

The diamond is the standard shape of the warning series, which alerts drivers to conditions that would otherwise not be obvious in time to react.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign with a yellow background and a black legend generally conveys
1. a legal requirement
2. a general warning
3. a motorist service
4. a recreational destination
Show answer

Answer B: a general warning

Yellow is the background color used for general warning signs, so a yellow sign tells the driver to expect something ahead rather than to obey a rule.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A small yellow plaque showing a speed number below a curve warning sign gives
1. the legal speed limit for the whole road
2. the minimum speed allowed on the curve
3. the speed recommended for the condition being warned about
4. a speed that applies only to trucks and buses
Show answer

Answer C: the speed recommended for the condition being warned about

The advisory speed plaque belongs to the warning series and states the speed judged safe for the condition ahead under good circumstances, not a regulatory limit.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Study tip. Rule out the options you know are wrong first. Two plausible answers are easier to choose between than four.
Yellow signs each showing one large black arrowhead, installed in a row along the outside of a curve, are
1. detour route markers guiding traffic around a closed section
2. lane closure signs warning that the outside lane is blocked
3. no-passing zone markers repeated along the length of the restricted section
4. chevron alignment signs marking the change of direction of the curve
Show answer

Answer D: chevron alignment signs marking the change of direction of the curve

Chevron alignment signs are placed on the outside of a curve so that several are in view at once, letting the driver judge how sharply the road turns.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow horizontal rectangular sign showing one large arrow pointing left or right, facing traffic on the far side of a sharp bend, tells the driver
1. that a passing lane starts there
2. that the road ahead is closed
3. which way the roadway turns at that point
4. that a rest area entrance is on that side
Show answer

Answer C: which way the roadway turns at that point

The large arrow sign is mounted on the outside of a sharp change in alignment so that a driver approaching head on immediately sees which way the road goes.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond in which one line joins another at an angle warns that
1. the road divides ahead into two separate roadways with a median between them
2. traffic from another roadway will merge into the driver's lane ahead
3. a crossroad intersects the driver's road a short distance ahead
4. the lane the driver is using becomes a turn-only lane ahead
Show answer

Answer B: traffic from another roadway will merge into the driver's lane ahead

The merge sign warns that another traffic stream will join the same lane ahead, so drivers on both roadways must adjust speed and spacing.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The added lane warning sign tells a driver that
1. an extra lane begins ahead, so entering traffic does not have to merge into an existing lane
2. all traffic must move into the left lane immediately and stay there until the closed lane reopens
3. the right lane is closed ahead because of roadwork in progress
4. a passing zone ends ahead and overtaking is no longer allowed beyond that point
Show answer

Answer A: an extra lane begins ahead, so entering traffic does not have to merge into an existing lane

Where a lane is added, traffic entering the roadway gets a lane of its own, so merging is not required, although drivers should still watch the vehicles beside them.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The divided highway ends warning sign means that
1. a median begins ahead and will separate the two directions of travel from that point on
2. the road becomes one way ahead and opposing traffic is no longer present
3. the highway ends a short distance ahead at a dead end with no through route
4. the median separating the directions ends and the road returns to two-way operation
Show answer

Answer D: the median separating the directions ends and the road returns to two-way operation

Beyond this sign opposing traffic is no longer separated by a median, so the driver must keep right and expect vehicles approaching in the adjacent lane.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond showing two vertical arrows, one pointing up and one pointing down, warns that
1. the road ahead carries traffic in both directions
2. two lanes continue in the driver's direction
3. the road ahead becomes one way
4. a passing lane begins ahead
Show answer

Answer A: the road ahead carries traffic in both directions

The two-way traffic sign warns that the roadway ahead is not divided and that vehicles will be coming from the opposite direction.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Warning signs such as stop ahead, yield ahead and signal ahead are installed mainly where
1. the intersection has no control device at all
2. the traffic control device cannot be seen from far enough away
3. the road is being resurfaced
4. the intersection lies inside a school zone
Show answer

Answer B: the traffic control device cannot be seen from far enough away

These advance warning signs are used when a crest, curve or obstruction keeps the stop sign, yield sign or signal from coming into view in time for a driver to react.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond showing arrows arranged in a circle warns of
1. a series of reverse curves
2. a circular intersection such as a roundabout ahead
3. a turnaround reserved for emergency vehicles
4. a loop ramp that is out of service
Show answer

Answer B: a circular intersection such as a roundabout ahead

The circular intersection warning sign announces a roundabout or traffic circle so drivers can slow down and prepare to yield to traffic already circulating.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow pennant, an isosceles triangle with its long axis horizontal, is reserved for which message?
1. Narrow bridge
2. Steep grade
3. Soft shoulder
4. No passing zone
Show answer

Answer D: No passing zone

The pennant shape is used only for the no passing zone sign, which marks the point where overtaking is no longer allowed.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Where is the no passing zone pennant sign installed?
1. On the left side of the roadway
2. Overhead above the center of the roadway
3. On the right shoulder with the other warning signs
4. On both shoulders at the same point
Show answer

Answer A: On the left side of the roadway

The pennant is placed on the left side of the roadway at the beginning of the no-passing zone, in the field of view of a driver who is thinking about overtaking.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The circular sign shape is reserved for which warning?
1. Advance warning of a school zone with children present
2. The end of a roadway at a dead end
3. Advance warning of a highway-rail grade crossing
4. A sharp change in the alignment of the road
Show answer

Answer C: Advance warning of a highway-rail grade crossing

A round yellow sign with a black X and the letters RR is the grade crossing advance warning sign, and the circular outline is used for no other message.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A rectangular marker with alternating black and retroreflective yellow stripes set at a slant is used to
1. mark the centerline of a divided highway so that drivers in each direction stay on their own side
2. mark the entrance to a parking area set back from the travel lanes
3. mark an obstruction, with the stripes sloping down toward the side on which traffic should pass
4. mark a pedestrian crossing where people on foot have the right of way
Show answer

Answer C: mark an obstruction, with the stripes sloping down toward the side on which traffic should pass

This striped panel is an object marker, and the direction in which the stripes slope shows the driver which side of the obstruction to pass on.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond showing the silhouette of a deer warns that
1. hunting is permitted next to the road
2. a livestock market is located ahead
3. the road passes through a wildlife refuge closed to traffic
4. large animals may cross the road in that area
Show answer

Answer D: large animals may cross the road in that area

The sign marks a stretch where animals are known to cross, so drivers should reduce speed and scan both roadsides, especially around dawn and dusk.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign with a green background and a white legend normally provides
1. directions, distances and destinations
2. a warning about a hazard ahead
3. a regulation that must be obeyed
4. information about work being carried out
Show answer

Answer A: directions, distances and destinations

Green is the background color of the guide sign series, which names routes and destinations and gives the distance to them.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The route marker used for an Interstate highway is a shield with
1. white numerals on a blue field under a red band carrying the word INTERSTATE
2. black numerals on a plain white field with a thin black border
3. white numerals on a brown field under a white band with the route name
4. black numerals inside a yellow diamond outlined with a heavy black border on all sides
Show answer

Answer A: white numerals on a blue field under a red band carrying the word INTERSTATE

The Interstate route marker is a cutout shield with a white border, the word INTERSTATE in white on red across the top and the route number in white on blue.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A United States numbered route is normally marked with
1. white numerals on a blue shield
2. white numerals on a brown rectangle
3. black numerals on a white shield
4. yellow numerals on a green pentagon
Show answer

Answer C: black numerals on a white shield

The U.S. route marker is a white shield carrying black numerals, which sets it apart at a glance from the red, white and blue Interstate shield.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
An upward-pointing pentagon with a yellow legend and border on a blue background is used as
1. a school crossing sign
2. a scenic overlook sign
3. a truck route restriction sign
4. a county route marker
Show answer

Answer D: a county route marker

The pentagon serves both the school warning series and county route markers, and the blue background with yellow legend identifies the county route version.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Small green signs with white numerals posted at regular intervals along a highway are used to
1. show the posted speed limit that applies on that stretch of road
2. show distance along the route and give a reference point for reporting a location
3. mark the limits of a work zone where a lower speed applies
4. identify the exits that are reserved for commercial trucks and buses at all hours of the day
Show answer

Answer B: show distance along the route and give a reference point for reporting a location

Reference location signs, commonly called mileposts, carry white numerals on green and let a driver describe exactly where a breakdown or crash has occurred.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign with a brown background and a white legend guides road users to
1. hospitals, fuel stations and other roadside services
2. parks, campgrounds and other recreational or cultural sites
3. detour routes around a work zone or a closed section of road
4. weigh stations and inspection points for heavy trucks
Show answer

Answer B: parks, campgrounds and other recreational or cultural sites

Brown is reserved for recreational and cultural interest area signing, such as parks, historic sites and scenic areas.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The trapezoid sign shape is associated with
1. railroad grade crossings on public highways
2. school zones and school crossings
3. recreational and cultural interest area signing
4. stop control at intersections with limited sight distance
Show answer

Answer C: recreational and cultural interest area signing

The trapezoid is used for recreational and cultural interest area guide signs and for national forest route markers.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What is the main function of the guide sign series?
1. To warn of hazards on the roadway
2. To state laws that apply at that location
3. To mark the outer edge of the pavement at night
4. To identify routes and lead road users to their destinations
Show answer

Answer D: To identify routes and lead road users to their destinations

Guide signs identify routes, name destinations and give distances, so drivers can navigate without stopping to consult a map.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign with a blue background and a white legend and border tells road users about
1. services such as fuel, food, lodging, hospitals and rest areas
2. a curve, a steep grade or another hazard on the road a short way ahead
3. a speed regulation that applies from that point onward
4. roadwork in progress and lanes closed for the next few miles
Show answer

Answer A: services such as fuel, food, lodging, hospitals and rest areas

Blue is the background of the general service series, which points travelers toward the services available along or near the route.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which of these would appear as a symbol on a blue general service sign?
1. A hospital
2. A sharp curve
3. A no-passing zone
4. A railroad crossing
Show answer

Answer A: A hospital

General service signs cover facilities such as hospitals, fuel, food, lodging, camping, telephones and rest areas, all shown in white on blue.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The blue signs mounted before a freeway interchange that carry the logos of individual businesses are
1. regulatory signs restricting which vehicles may use the exit ramp
2. warning signs about congestion building up at the exit ahead
3. specific service signs, which show the brands available at that exit
4. recreational area signs pointing to parks and historic sites located nearby
Show answer

Answer C: specific service signs, which show the brands available at that exit

Specific service signs, often called logo signs, list eligible businesses for categories such as gas, food, lodging, camping, attractions and 24-hour pharmacies at the upcoming interchange.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A blue motorist service sign showing a fuel symbol and an arrow means that
1. only vehicles that actually need fuel are allowed to use that exit
2. the driver must stop for fuel at that exit before continuing along the same route
3. the fuel station shown is operated by the state highway agency itself
4. fuel is available in the direction shown, and the sign imposes no obligation
Show answer

Answer D: fuel is available in the direction shown, and the sign imposes no obligation

Service signs are informational: they tell the driver what is available and in which direction, but they create no requirement.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
An orange background with a black legend on a sign indicates
1. a permanent regulation that applies at all times
2. a temporary traffic control or work zone situation
3. a recreational destination such as a park or campground
4. a school area where children may be crossing
Show answer

Answer B: a temporary traffic control or work zone situation

Orange is reserved for temporary traffic control signing, so an orange sign means conditions have been altered for work or another temporary operation.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which warning sign keeps its yellow background even when it is used inside a work zone?
1. The flagger sign used ahead of a work space
2. The lane closed ahead sign
3. The road work ahead warning sign
4. The grade crossing advance warning sign
Show answer

Answer D: The grade crossing advance warning sign

The round grade crossing advance warning sign keeps its black legend on yellow inside temporary traffic control zones because the railroad hazard it describes is not temporary.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
An orange sign showing the symbol of a person holding a flag or a sign paddle means that
1. pedestrians may cross the road at that point and always have the right of way
2. a bus stop is located a short distance ahead on that side
3. the road ahead is permanently closed and traffic must turn back
4. a person is controlling traffic ahead and the driver must obey that person
Show answer

Answer D: a person is controlling traffic ahead and the driver must obey that person

The flagger sign warns that a trained flagger is directing traffic further on, and the flagger's instructions govern movement through the work zone.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Where is a road work ahead sign placed?
1. Directly beside the workers, at the work space where the activity is taking place
2. In advance of the work space or detour, so drivers are warned before reaching it
3. After the work zone, to confirm to drivers that it has ended
4. Only at the exit ramp closest to the work being carried out
Show answer

Answer B: In advance of the work space or detour, so drivers are warned before reaching it

Advance warning signs are placed upstream of the work space or detour so that drivers have time to slow down and change lanes before reaching the activity.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which color scheme is standard for the drums and barricades that channel traffic through a work zone?
1. Alternating black and yellow retroreflective stripes set at a slant
2. Solid green panels with a white legend and border
3. Alternating orange and white retroreflective stripes
4. Solid blue panels with white reflectors on top
Show answer

Answer C: Alternating orange and white retroreflective stripes

Drums and barricades carry alternating orange and white retroreflective stripes, and the traffic cones used in the same zones are predominantly orange.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Study tip. When two answers both seem legal, pick the one that is safer for everyone on the road. That is how most tests are written.
A sign with a black legend on a fluorescent pink background is used for
1. traffic incident management
2. school areas
3. toll collection lanes
4. recreational destinations
Show answer

Answer A: traffic incident management

Fluorescent pink is set aside for signing that manages traffic around a crash, a spill or another unplanned incident, so it stands apart from routine work zone orange.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
School warning signs use which background and legend colors?
1. A black legend and border on a fluorescent yellow-green background
2. A white legend and a white border on a blue background
3. A red legend and a red border on a white background
4. A white legend and a white border on a brown reflective background
Show answer

Answer A: A black legend and border on a fluorescent yellow-green background

School warning signs carry a black legend and border on a fluorescent yellow-green background, a shade chosen so they stand out from ordinary yellow warning signs.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which shape is used for the school advance warning sign and the school crossing sign?
1. An octagon
2. An upward-pointing pentagon
3. A circle
4. A downward-pointing triangle
Show answer

Answer B: An upward-pointing pentagon

The five-sided pentagon with its point up identifies school signing, so the outline alone tells a driver that children may be present.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A school sign combined with an AHEAD plaque, or with a plaque giving a distance in feet, forms an assembly that
1. marks the exact spot where children cross the roadway
2. warns of a school crossing located further along the road
3. sets the speed limit that applies inside the school zone
4. prohibits parking and stopping anywhere near the school entrance
Show answer

Answer B: warns of a school crossing located further along the road

The school advance crossing assembly is placed before the crosswalk to give drivers notice, while a different assembly marks the crossing itself.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A school sign paired with a plaque showing a diagonal downward-pointing arrow is installed
1. at the far end of the school zone
2. at the entrance to the school parking lot
3. at every intersection within a mile of the school
4. at the school crossing itself, or as close to it as possible
Show answer

Answer D: at the school crossing itself, or as close to it as possible

The diagonal downward arrow points at the crossing, so this assembly is placed at the crossing location rather than in advance of it.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On a school speed limit sign, the part carrying the word SCHOOL is shown
1. in black on a fluorescent yellow-green background
2. in white on a green background with a white border
3. in white on a blue background
4. in black on an orange background
Show answer

Answer A: in black on a fluorescent yellow-green background

The SCHOOL portion of the school speed limit sign uses the same fluorescent yellow-green background as school warning signs, while the speed portion keeps the standard regulatory appearance.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The school bus stop ahead sign is installed where
1. school buses are prohibited from stopping anywhere along that stretch of road
2. a bus terminal or depot is located a short distance ahead
3. a school bus stop cannot be seen from far enough away by approaching drivers
4. buses must yield to all other traffic
Show answer

Answer C: a school bus stop cannot be seen from far enough away by approaching drivers

This school warning sign is used in advance of a bus stop that lacks adequate sight distance and cannot be relocated, so drivers are warned before the stopped bus comes into view.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Besides school signing, which warning signs may also use a fluorescent yellow-green background?
1. Curve and hill warning signs
2. Railroad grade crossing advance warning signs
3. Pedestrian and bicycle warning signs
4. Work zone warning signs
Show answer

Answer C: Pedestrian and bicycle warning signs

Pedestrian crossing, bicycle and playground warning signs may use either the standard yellow or the fluorescent yellow-green background, which draws extra attention where people outside vehicles are present.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A stop line is painted across the pavement at this sign. Where must the vehicle come to rest?
1. Behind the stop line, with no part of the vehicle across it
2. Level with the middle of the intersection, where the view along both approaches is best
3. Anywhere within one vehicle length past the line
4. Past the line but short of the far crosswalk, once the wheels have stopped turning
Show answer

Answer A: Behind the stop line, with no part of the vehicle across it

The vehicle must halt behind the stop line; where no line is painted the driver stops before the crosswalk, and where there is neither, before entering the intersection.
At an intersection where every approach carries this sign, two drivers arrive at exactly the same instant. Which of them goes first?
1. The one traveling faster on approach
2. The one intending to turn left
3. The driver on the right
4. The driver of the heavier vehicle
Show answer

Answer C: The driver on the right

Order of arrival decides who goes first, and when two vehicles arrive together the driver on the right proceeds while the other gives way.
A driver slows to walking pace at this sign, never stops rolling and eases into the intersection. How is that treated?
1. It is acceptable whenever the driver already has a clear view along both approaches
2. It is a violation, because the vehicle never came to a complete halt
3. It is acceptable at night, when cross traffic is lightest
4. It is acceptable as long as no other vehicle is in sight anywhere near the corner
Show answer

Answer B: It is a violation, because the vehicle never came to a complete halt

What is required is a full halt with the wheels no longer turning, so slowing down, however carefully, does not satisfy it.
A driver reaches this sign and the intersecting roadway is completely clear. What is required?
1. A complete halt in every case, exactly as at a stop-controlled approach
2. Nothing at all, because the rule applies only to trucks and buses
3. A halt of at least three seconds before moving on
4. Slowing to a speed that allows stopping, then going on without stopping if the way stays clear
Show answer

Answer D: Slowing to a speed that allows stopping, then going on without stopping if the way stays clear

This control asks the driver to slow down and be ready to stop, and a full stop becomes necessary only when traffic or pedestrians would otherwise be interfered with.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver passes this sign on an entrance ramp while merging onto a freeway. Who has priority?
1. The driver on the ramp, because entering traffic is protected
2. The traffic already traveling on the freeway
3. Whichever vehicle is moving faster at the merge point
4. The driver on the ramp, but only during peak hours
Show answer

Answer B: The traffic already traveling on the freeway

The sign places the duty on the entering driver, who must adjust speed and fit into a gap without forcing through traffic to brake or swerve.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Apart from other vehicles, who else must a driver let go first at this sign?
1. Pedestrians and cyclists already in or entering the crossing
2. Nobody on foot or on a bicycle, because the duty covers motor vehicles only
3. Only pedestrians escorted by a crossing guard
4. Only cyclists riding inside a marked bicycle lane, and no one else
Show answer

Answer A: Pedestrians and cyclists already in or entering the crossing

The duty to give way covers every road user who has the right of way at that point, including people walking or cycling across the driver's path.
At which location is this sign normally installed?
1. At the start of a temporary work area, to keep drivers out while a crew is present
2. At the boundary of a residential district, where the built-up area begins
3. At the entrance to a highway rest area, where only passenger cars may go in
4. Facing traffic that could turn into a one-way roadway or ramp against the flow
Show answer

Answer D: Facing traffic that could turn into a one-way roadway or ramp against the flow

It is posted where a driver could otherwise enter a ramp or a one-way roadway from the wrong end, so it faces exactly the traffic that has to be kept out.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver hunting for an on-ramp meets this sign at the mouth of the pavement ahead. What is the correct action?
1. Go in slowly with the hazard lights switched on to warn any oncoming driver
2. Go in after giving way to any traffic already on that pavement
3. Keep out of that roadway and look for the proper approach elsewhere
4. Go in as long as no vehicle is currently visible anywhere on it
Show answer

Answer C: Keep out of that roadway and look for the proper approach elsewhere

The restriction is absolute and does not depend on how much traffic is present, so the driver has to reach the highway by an approach built for entering vehicles.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
This sign comes into view ahead of a driver who has already started along a ramp. What should the driver do?
1. Back down the ramp immediately
2. Pull clear where it is safe, then turn around and leave the ramp traveling properly
3. Carry on to the next interchange and leave the highway there
4. Speed up so as to clear the ramp as quickly as possible
Show answer

Answer B: Pull clear where it is safe, then turn around and leave the ramp traveling properly

The driver is traveling against the legal flow, so the safest response is to stop clear of the lanes, turn the vehicle around and get off the ramp before meeting traffic head on.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
At a freeway exit ramp, this sign normally backs up which other regulatory sign posted nearer to the ramp terminal?
1. The speed limit posted for the ramp
2. A panel giving the distance to the next service area
3. A warning that two roadways merge ahead
4. The sign that forbids entering that roadway at all
Show answer

Answer D: The sign that forbids entering that roadway at all

The two work as a pair at ramp terminals: one keeps drivers from turning in, and this one sits farther along to catch a driver who has already entered.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver on the street this sign governs is preparing to turn left at the next corner. Which lane should the vehicle be in beforehand?
1. The lane closest to the left curb
2. The lane closest to the right curb
3. The lane just to the right of the middle of the roadway
4. Any lane, because lane position does not matter for that turn
Show answer

Answer A: The lane closest to the left curb

All the traffic here runs the same way, so nothing is coming toward the driver and the turn is taken from the extreme left lane rather than from beside the middle of the roadway.
Where are signs of this kind placed at an intersection?
1. Overhead only, above the middle of the roadway
2. At the midpoint of every block along the route
3. At the near right and far left corners, facing drivers on the intersecting street
4. Half a mile in advance, on the left shoulder
Show answer

Answer C: At the near right and far left corners, facing drivers on the intersecting street

They are installed at the corners of the intersecting street so that a driver about to turn in sees the restriction before committing to the turn.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver disregards this sign and turns so as to travel against the direction it establishes. What is the immediate danger?
1. The driver will be held to a much lower speed limit than on the parallel street
2. The driver will have to give way at every intersection
3. The driver will lose the right to stop or park at the curb along that block
4. The driver will face traffic head on, because every lane comes the other way
Show answer

Answer D: The driver will face traffic head on, because every lane comes the other way

Turning against the established direction puts the vehicle nose to nose with all the traffic on that street, which is why the mistake has to be corrected at once.
A driver passes this sign on an open road. Over what stretch does the figure it sets stay in force?
1. From the sign onward, in every lane, until another sign sets a different figure
2. Only at the exact point where the sign stands
3. Only as far as the next intersection
4. Only in the lane nearest to the sign
Show answer

Answer A: From the sign onward, in every lane, until another sign sets a different figure

The figure governs the road from the sign onward and binds every lane, and it stays in force until a later sign sets a different one.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Heavy rain has left standing water on the road where this sign is posted. What does the law expect of the driver?
1. Holding the posted figure exactly, since the law fixes it whatever the weather
2. Stopping on the shoulder until the rain passes
3. Driving below the posted figure, at a speed that suits the conditions
4. Halving the posted figure exactly, which is what the rule prescribes in rain
Show answer

Answer C: Driving below the posted figure, at a speed that suits the conditions

Drivers must adapt to conditions, so in rain, fog, snow or dense traffic the safe speed falls below the posted maximum and keeping to that maximum can itself be an offense.
On a clear day with light traffic, a driver stays far below the maximum this sign sets. What can that cause?
1. Nothing at all, because driving below the maximum is lawful in every circumstance
2. Obstruction of the normal flow of traffic, which is prohibited in itself
3. Automatic cancellation of the driver's insurance
4. A duty to switch on the hazard lights until normal speed is resumed
Show answer

Answer B: Obstruction of the normal flow of traffic, which is prohibited in itself

Driving so slowly that other traffic is impeded is an offense in its own right when nothing about safety, weather or the road calls for it.
A driver who wants to reverse direction arrives at this sign. What is allowed?
1. Reversing direction there once approaching traffic has passed
2. Reversing direction there after coming to a complete halt
3. Going on and reversing direction only where the maneuver is permitted
4. Reversing direction there if the road is wide enough to do it in one movement
Show answer

Answer C: Going on and reversing direction only where the maneuver is permitted

The restriction removes that maneuver at that spot entirely, so the driver has to continue and turn the vehicle around at a place where it is not prohibited.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why is this restriction used so often on a divided road just before a crest or a bend?
1. Because a vehicle turning across the median there stays hidden from approaching drivers until it is too late
2. Because the surface there cannot carry slow-moving vehicles
3. Because the median is set aside for emergency vehicles at all hours
4. Because the roadway always narrows to a single lane beyond that point
Show answer

Answer A: Because a vehicle turning across the median there stays hidden from approaching drivers until it is too late

The maneuver needs a long gap and good visibility, and where sight distance is short an approaching driver has no time to react to a vehicle turning across the road.
A driver in the leftmost lane reaches this sign at an intersection. What must the driver do?
1. Complete the turn once every opposing vehicle has cleared the intersection
2. Go straight on or turn right, and reach the destination another way
3. Wait for a gap in traffic and then complete the turn
4. Complete the turn as soon as the signal above the intersection shows green
Show answer

Answer B: Go straight on or turn right, and reach the destination another way

The restriction holds whatever the traffic or the signal is doing, so the driver has to pass the intersection and plan a different route.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
No plaque stating days or hours accompanies this sign at the intersection. When does the restriction apply?
1. Only during the hours of darkness, when the corner is hardest to see
2. Only on weekdays, because weekend traffic is light enough to allow it
3. Only while a traffic signal is operating
4. At all times, since nothing limits it to particular periods
Show answer

Answer D: At all times, since nothing limits it to particular periods

A regulatory restriction runs continuously unless a supplemental plaque states the days or hours during which it applies.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver stopped at a red signal wants to turn right and this sign is posted at the corner. What is permitted?
1. Nothing: the turn is barred whether the signal is red or green
2. The turn, once the vehicle has halted completely at the red signal
3. The turn, as soon as the signal changes to green
4. The turn, provided the vehicle is already in the rightmost lane
Show answer

Answer A: Nothing: the turn is barred whether the signal is red or green

The restriction works independently of the signal, so the usual permission to turn right after stopping at a red light does not exist where this sign is posted.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver's destination lies along the street to the right, and this sign stands at that corner. How should the driver reach it?
1. By using the shoulder to get around the intersection and into that street
2. By turning from the second lane instead of the first
3. By reversing along the roadway and backing into the street on the right
4. By going on and using a later intersection where turning is allowed
Show answer

Answer D: By going on and using a later intersection where turning is allowed

When a movement is barred at one corner the driver has to reroute, normally by continuing and coming back to the destination from a permitted approach.
Study tip. One test a day for a week beats seven tests in one evening: spaced practice is what makes rules stick.
A driver leaves the vehicle at the curb where this sign is posted and walks away for two minutes. Is that allowed?
1. Yes, because so short an absence is not covered
2. No, leaving the vehicle unattended there is prohibited whatever the length of the absence
3. Yes, as long as the vehicle stays within the driver's sight
4. Yes, as long as the engine is left running
Show answer

Answer B: No, leaving the vehicle unattended there is prohibited whatever the length of the absence

Walking away leaves the vehicle parked, and the prohibition holds regardless of how long the driver is gone or whether the engine is left running.
Why is this restriction so common beside fire hydrants, crosswalks and intersection corners?
1. To reserve those spaces for the residents who live on that block
2. To cut the cost of cleaning the street
3. To keep sight lines open and leave access for emergency crews
4. To leave room for the bus stops that are to be built along that curb
Show answer

Answer C: To keep sight lines open and leave access for emergency crews

A vehicle left in those places hides pedestrians from approaching drivers, blocks the path of turning vehicles and can keep firefighters from reaching a hydrant.
Where is this sign normally installed?
1. At an island or other obstruction in the roadway, to show which side traffic must take
2. At the end of a freeway exit ramp
3. At the point where a passing zone begins
4. At the entrance to a public parking area
Show answer

Answer A: At an island or other obstruction in the roadway, to show which side traffic must take

It is placed at a divider, island or fixed obstruction so that drivers approaching it know without hesitating which side to pass on.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver ignores this sign and passes on the opposite side. What is the main risk?
1. Ending up in a lane set aside for vehicles carrying several occupants at peak times
2. Ending up on the wrong side of a divider, facing traffic coming the other way
3. Missing the next exit from the highway
4. No real risk, because the instruction on this sign is only advisory
Show answer

Answer B: Ending up on the wrong side of a divider, facing traffic coming the other way

The sign settles which side of a fixed divider is the legal one, so taking the other side sends the vehicle into the opposing stream or straight at the obstruction.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What does this sign tell a driver about the road ahead?
1. The roadway changes direction ahead, so speed should be reduced before reaching it
2. An extra lane opens on the right a short distance ahead, letting traffic spread out
3. The pavement ends a short way ahead and the road surface becomes loose gravel
4. Traffic entering from the right has priority
Show answer

Answer A: The roadway changes direction ahead, so speed should be reduced before reaching it

It gives advance notice of a change in alignment so the driver can slow down before entering, since braking inside a bend uses up grip that is needed for steering.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver holds a steady highway speed into the section this sign warns about. What is the most likely result?
1. The tires grip better than they do on a straight road, because cornering presses them down harder
2. The vehicle runs wide toward the outside and can cross into another lane or leave the pavement
3. The vehicle loses speed by itself, because the change of direction scrubs it off
4. Nothing changes, because the grip available does not depend on speed
Show answer

Answer B: The vehicle runs wide toward the outside and can cross into another lane or leave the pavement

Holding speed into a change of alignment asks the tires for more side grip than they can supply, so the vehicle runs wide and the driver is left with less room to correct.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What should a driver expect a short distance beyond this sign?
1. A road joining from the right side only, with nothing entering from the left
2. The end of the travel lane
3. Another road crossing the one being traveled
4. A set of railroad tracks laid across the road at pavement level
Show answer

Answer C: Another road crossing the one being traveled

Traffic may enter or cross from either side at the intersection ahead, so the driver should ease off, cover the brake and check both approaches.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Does this sign settle who has the right-of-way at the intersection ahead?
1. Yes, traffic on the crossing road must always give way
2. Yes, the driver who sees it always has priority
3. Yes, the vehicle coming from the left always goes first
4. No, it only gives notice of the intersection; the control there decides priority
Show answer

Answer D: No, it only gives notice of the intersection; the control there decides priority

A warning prepares the driver for what is coming but grants no priority, so whatever stop control, yield control, signal or right-of-way rule applies at the intersection is what decides.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What condition does this sign warn a driver about?
1. The travel lane splits into two separate roadways running side by side
2. Another road joins the road being traveled, from one side
3. The road being traveled ends and all traffic must turn one way or the other
4. A passing lane opens a short distance ahead
Show answer

Answer B: Another road joins the road being traveled, from one side

It announces a side road entering the main roadway, so the driver should expect vehicles waiting to pull out and other vehicles slowing to turn in.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Approaching the point this sign refers to, which hazard is most likely?
1. A vehicle pulling out from the entering road into the driver's path
2. Standing water covering both lanes across the whole width of the roadway
3. Loose gravel thrown up by oncoming traffic
4. A sudden drop at the edge of the pavement where the shoulder falls away
Show answer

Answer A: A vehicle pulling out from the entering road into the driver's path

The main risk is a driver on the entering road who misjudges the gap and pulls out, so covering the brake and being ready to slow is the sensible response.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What must a driver be prepared to do at the point this sign refers to?
1. Merge into faster traffic without stopping, using the lane on the right
2. Change lanes to the left before the pavement narrows
3. Continue straight ahead across an unmarked crossing without slowing
4. Turn left or right, because the road being traveled ends there
Show answer

Answer D: Turn left or right, because the road being traveled ends there

The road ends at another roadway, so the driver must slow, give way to traffic on the through road and turn in one direction or the other.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On which approach is this sign normally installed?
1. On the through road, facing the traffic that does not have to turn at all
2. Beyond the junction, facing away from approaching traffic
3. On the road that ends, far enough ahead for the driver to slow down
4. Only on approaches that are already controlled by a traffic signal
Show answer

Answer C: On the road that ends, far enough ahead for the driver to slow down

The warning belongs on the approach that terminates, placed early enough that the driver can lose speed and choose a direction before reaching the junction.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why would this sign be installed on an approach?
1. Because the signal at the intersection is out of service and traffic must sort itself out
2. Because the signal cannot be seen from far enough back for a driver to react in time
3. Because the intersection has no traffic control at all
4. Because only left turns are allowed at the intersection ahead
Show answer

Answer B: Because the signal cannot be seen from far enough back for a driver to react in time

Advance notice of a signal is used where a crest, a curve, trees or a building keep the signal heads out of view until a driver is already too close to stop comfortably.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What does this sign require of the driver?
1. A complete stop before the intersection in every case, whatever the signal shows
2. Yielding to traffic on the crossing road at all times
3. Leaving the roadway at the next exit
4. Reducing speed and being ready to stop at the intersection ahead
Show answer

Answer D: Reducing speed and being ready to stop at the intersection ahead

The advance notice asks the driver to slow and be ready to stop, while whether a stop is actually needed depends on the indication displayed on arrival.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What is the driver expected to do after passing this sign?
1. Begin slowing so that a complete stop can be made at the intersection ahead
2. Stop level with this sign and wait until the way ahead is clear
3. Sound the horn and keep going at the same speed
4. Move over to the right lane and hold the current speed through the intersection
Show answer

Answer A: Begin slowing so that a complete stop can be made at the intersection ahead

It is used where the control at the intersection stays hidden until late, so braking should begin here rather than at the stop line.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On a wet road, how should a driver adjust after passing this sign?
1. No adjustment is needed, because stopping distance does not change with the surface
2. Start braking earlier, because a slippery surface lengthens the stopping distance
3. Treat the stop as optional when no other traffic is in sight
4. Keep the speed up and brake hard at the last moment for a shorter stop
Show answer

Answer B: Start braking earlier, because a slippery surface lengthens the stopping distance

A wet surface lengthens stopping distance, so the extra warning distance should be spent braking gently and early instead of late and hard.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What will the driver have to do at the point this sign refers to?
1. Come to a complete stop in every case before going on, even with the road empty
2. Keep the same speed, because the traffic already on the crossing road has to give way
3. Slow down and let conflicting traffic go first, stopping if that is what it takes
4. Turn right, because continuing straight is not permitted
Show answer

Answer C: Slow down and let conflicting traffic go first, stopping if that is what it takes

Further along, the driver has to let conflicting traffic and pedestrians go first, reducing speed and stopping whenever that is necessary to avoid interfering with them.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What does this sign warn a driver about?
1. Traffic from another roadway will enter the same lane ahead
2. The road ahead is closed to through traffic and only local access is allowed
3. The current lane becomes a turn-only lane
4. A rest area entrance is coming up on the right a short way ahead
Show answer

Answer A: Traffic from another roadway will enter the same lane ahead

Two traffic streams come together into one lane beyond this point, so drivers on both roadways have to adjust speed and spacing to fit together.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What is the safest way to deal with the situation this sign announces?
1. Hold the current speed and position and let the others adapt
2. Match the speed of the other traffic stream and open a gap so vehicles can blend without hard braking
3. Stop at the end of the lane and wait until the road is empty
4. Move onto the shoulder and stay there until the lanes separate again
Show answer

Answer B: Match the speed of the other traffic stream and open a gap so vehicles can blend without hard braking

Blending works when speeds are matched and gaps are opened, so nobody has to brake hard or swerve where the two streams come together.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why does the situation ahead of this sign deserve extra care from a motorcyclist?
1. Because a motorcycle cannot be ridden at highway speed
2. Because motorcycles have to stop before the point where traffic joins
3. Because a narrow machine is easy to overlook in a mirror or a blind spot
4. Because motorcycles are required to use the shoulder wherever traffic joins
Show answer

Answer C: Because a narrow machine is easy to overlook in a mirror or a blind spot

A motorcycle fills very little of a mirror and disappears easily into a blind spot, so the rider should adjust speed and lane position to stay visible where the streams come together.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What change in the road does this sign announce?
1. The road ahead is closed to through traffic
2. The two directions of travel are about to be separated, and the driver must keep to the right of the separation
3. One lane in each direction is about to be taken away
4. Traffic will start to run in both directions within the same lanes
Show answer

Answer B: The two directions of travel are about to be separated, and the driver must keep to the right of the separation

Ahead the roadway splits into separate one-way roadways on either side of a median, so the driver stays to the right of the divider and no longer meets oncoming vehicles.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Beyond the point this sign refers to, which movement becomes unlawful?
1. Changing lanes within the same direction of travel
2. Overtaking a slower vehicle using a lane in the same direction
3. Leaving the highway at a marked exit
4. Driving on the far side of the separation, against the flow
Show answer

Answer D: Driving on the far side of the separation, against the flow

Once the two directions are separated, each roadway carries one-way traffic, so crossing to the other side means driving into oncoming vehicles.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What must a driver be ready for beyond this sign?
1. A complete stop where the roadway ends, before turning either way
2. An additional lane opening on the right for slower vehicles to use
3. Vehicles approaching from the opposite direction in the next lane over
4. A ramp leading onto a limited access highway, joining from the right side
Show answer

Answer C: Vehicles approaching from the opposite direction in the next lane over

The separation between the two directions runs out, so from that point oncoming vehicles share the same pavement and the driver has to keep right.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What should a driver do first after passing this sign?
1. Move into the right-hand lane and stay there
2. Accelerate to get through the transition quickly
3. Move into the left-hand lane to keep clear of entering traffic
4. Stop and wait for a gap in the opposing traffic
Show answer

Answer A: Move into the right-hand lane and stay there

Traffic returns to two-way operation, so the driver keeps to the right of the centerline and stops treating the left side as available.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What is a driver being warned about here?
1. The lanes ahead are reserved for slow-moving vehicles and farm equipment
2. The pavement ahead carries vehicles traveling in the opposite direction
3. The road ahead becomes one way for its whole length
4. An additional lane opens in the driver's direction
Show answer

Answer B: The pavement ahead carries vehicles traveling in the opposite direction

Beyond this point vehicles come the other way on the same pavement, which commonly happens where a one-way section or a separated stretch comes to an end.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which action becomes clearly more risky beyond this sign?
1. Using the left side of the roadway to overtake
2. Checking the mirrors carefully before slowing down
3. Keeping the vehicle to the right of the centerline at all times
4. Signaling well before making a turn off the roadway
Show answer

Answer A: Using the left side of the roadway to overtake

With vehicles coming the other way on the same pavement, overtaking on the left needs enough clear road to pull out, pass and return, which is often not available.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
How should a driver respond to this sign?
1. Brake hard while crossing the rough spot to shed as much speed as possible
2. Straddle the centerline so that the wheels miss the rough spot altogether
3. Slow down before reaching the rough spot and cross it at a steady, low speed
4. Accelerate hard so that the suspension skips over the rough spot without settling
Show answer

Answer C: Slow down before reaching the rough spot and cross it at a steady, low speed

Losing speed before a sharp rise in the pavement keeps the vehicle settled, while braking or accelerating on top of it unsettles the suspension and costs grip.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why does this warning matter more on a motorcycle than in a car?
1. Because motorcycles are not allowed on roads where it is posted
2. Because a sudden jolt can unsettle a two-wheeled machine and the rider can lose control
3. Because a motorcycle needs a longer distance to accelerate
4. Because motorcycles must always come to a stop before it
Show answer

Answer B: Because a sudden jolt can unsettle a two-wheeled machine and the rider can lose control

A jolt can push a motorcycle off line or lift a wheel, so a rider slows early, comes slightly off the seat and keeps a relaxed but firm hold on the handlebars.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver is thinking about overtaking a slower vehicle and sees this sign a short distance ahead. What does it mean for that pass?
1. The pass may be started as long as the road ahead looks clear
2. The pass must be finished before the restricted section begins
3. The pass may be made on the right shoulder instead
4. The pass may be started once the slower vehicle signals
Show answer

Answer B: The pass must be finished before the restricted section begins

The sign marks the start of a section where passing is prohibited, so a driver may not be on the left side of the road beyond it; any pass has to be completed before that point or not started at all.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why would a restriction like this one be applied to a stretch of road?
1. Because there is not enough visible road ahead to complete a pass safely
2. Because the shoulder along that stretch is unpaved and cannot take a vehicle
3. Because the surface along that stretch has only recently been laid
4. Because heavy vehicles are banned from that stretch
Show answer

Answer A: Because there is not enough visible road ahead to complete a pass safely

Limits on overtaking are set where a hill, a curve or an obstruction leaves too little sight distance for a driver to pull out, pass and return before meeting oncoming traffic.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Study tip. Before test day, check on the official agency website which documents and fees you need to bring.
A driver sees this sign on a quiet road with no other traffic in either direction. What is the correct response?
1. Speed up so the tracks are behind the vehicle sooner
2. Move to the other lane and hold the same speed
3. Slow down, look and listen for a train, and be ready to stop
4. Stop level with the sign and wait a full minute
Show answer

Answer C: Slow down, look and listen for a train, and be ready to stop

The sign gives advance notice of a highway-rail grade crossing, so the driver reduces speed, checks both directions along the tracks and keeps enough room to stop short of the rails.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Where is this sign installed in relation to the hazard it announces?
1. Far enough before the hazard that a driver can slow down and stop short of it
2. Immediately beside the nearest rail, at the very edge of the crossing
3. Just beyond the crossing, to confirm to the driver that it has been left behind
4. Only where gates and flashing lights are already installed
Show answer

Answer A: Far enough before the hazard that a driver can slow down and stop short of it

This is an advance warning sign, placed on the approach so a driver has time to react before reaching a crossing that a curve or a crest may be hiding.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
This sign leads to a crossing that has no gates and no flashing lights. What does that mean for the driver?
1. The crossing is no longer in use by trains and the track through it has been taken out of service
2. Road traffic takes priority over rail traffic at a crossing equipped in that way
3. Trains have to sound a horn and come to a stop before entering a crossing of that kind
4. Nothing will warn of an approaching train, so the driver must check the tracks personally
Show answer

Answer D: Nothing will warn of an approaching train, so the driver must check the tracks personally

At a passive crossing there is no active device to announce a train, so the whole judgment rests on the driver, who must approach slowly enough to stop after looking along the track.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Trees block the view along the tracks as a driver approaches this sign. What approach speed is correct?
1. The posted highway speed, because the location is already signed
2. Slow enough to stop before the nearest rail once a train comes into view
3. Fast enough to spend as little time as possible on the tracks
4. Any speed, provided the horn is sounded first
Show answer

Answer B: Slow enough to stop before the nearest rail once a train comes into view

Where the view along the track is obstructed, the only safe speed is one that still leaves stopping distance after a train first becomes visible.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A small plaque mounted under this sign shows a numeral such as 2 or 3. What does that numeral report?
1. How many sets of tracks the crossing carries
2. The speed limit that applies while crossing
3. The distance in miles to the next crossing
4. How many trains use the line each hour
Show answer

Answer A: How many sets of tracks the crossing carries

The plaque states the number of tracks at that location, which is a warning that a second train may be running on another track behind the first.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver has to stop for a train at this sign. How far back from the nearest rail should the vehicle be held?
1. Right up against the first rail
2. About three feet
3. No closer than roughly fifteen feet
4. At least one hundred yards
Show answer

Answer C: No closer than roughly fifteen feet

A train and its load overhang the rails, so stopping no closer than about fifteen feet keeps the vehicle outside the space the train actually sweeps.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What must a driver be ready to do along the stretch of road where this sign is posted?
1. Sound the horn to move children out of the way
2. Pass stopped vehicles quickly to clear the area
3. Hold normal speed, since children only cross at corners
4. Slow down and stop for a child who steps into the roadway
Show answer

Answer D: Slow down and stop for a child who steps into the roadway

Children misjudge speed and distance and act without warning, so the driver reduces speed, covers the brake and scans the sidewalks and parked vehicles.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A crossing guard steps into the roadway ahead of this sign with one hand raised. What must the driver do?
1. Ease around the guard at walking pace, keeping well clear of the crossing
2. Stop and stay stopped until the guard waves traffic on
3. Carry on if no child has yet reached the curb on either side
4. Stop only if another vehicle is already waiting
Show answer

Answer B: Stop and stay stopped until the guard waves traffic on

An adult guard is controlling traffic at that crossing, so the instruction given by that person governs and the driver waits to be released.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A reduced speed limit posted with this sign and a plaque giving hours is in force
1. at every hour of the day and night, right through the year
2. only on the days when a police officer is stationed beside the roadway
3. during the hours shown on the plaque, or while the beacon is flashing
4. only during the opening month of the school year, and not afterwards
Show answer

Answer C: during the hours shown on the plaque, or while the beacon is flashing

A school speed limit applies during the periods stated on the plaque or while the attached beacon flashes, and the regular limit governs outside those periods.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Beyond this sign, cones and temporary signs lead traffic along a path that does not agree with the lines painted on the pavement. Which one must the driver follow?
1. The painted lines, because a permanent pavement marking always outranks a temporary arrangement
2. Whichever of the two gives the shorter path through the work area
3. The temporary arrangement, because it replaces the permanent layout while the work lasts
4. Either one, provided the driver reduces speed through the whole of the work area
Show answer

Answer C: The temporary arrangement, because it replaces the permanent layout while the work lasts

Temporary traffic control set up for the work takes precedence over the permanent signs and markings, which no longer describe how the road is being used.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
How should speed and following distance be adjusted beyond this sign?
1. Keep the usual following gap, because traffic through a work area moves at a steady pace
2. Close the gap to the vehicle ahead so that fewer vehicles cut in
3. Raise speed to spend less time in the area
4. Cut speed and leave a longer gap, because traffic can stop without warning
Show answer

Answer D: Cut speed and leave a longer gap, because traffic can stop without warning

Traffic in these areas stops and starts unexpectedly and there is little room to steer around a problem, so extra space is what prevents a rear-end collision.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
This sign is still standing late at night, and nobody is working. What should the driver assume?
1. The sign was left standing there by mistake and can safely be ignored
2. The layout may still be altered, so the same care and reduced speed apply
3. The road is closed to all traffic until the crew returns in the morning
4. The restrictions lapse outside normal working hours and apply again at dawn
Show answer

Answer B: The layout may still be altered, so the same care and reduced speed apply

Narrowed lanes, shifted alignments, dropped pavement edges and parked equipment remain overnight, so the hazard does not end when the crew goes home.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which of these is true of the roadway a driver is being sent onto here?
1. The driver gains priority over the traffic that is already using it
2. No posted speed limit applies on it until the original road has been rejoined
3. Only drivers who live in the area are entitled to use it at all
4. Its own signs, signals and speed limits govern for the whole way around
Show answer

Answer D: Its own signs, signals and speed limits govern for the whole way around

The alternate route is an ordinary public road, so every control posted on it governs as usual; being sent that way grants no extra priority and no relief from the limits in force there.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Once a driver has joined the route this sign begins, how is the rest of the way marked?
1. By temporary pavement markings alone, laid down for the duration of the work
2. By further markers of the same kind at each turn, until the original road is rejoined
3. By nothing further, so the driver needs a map or a phone to find the way back to the highway
4. By a single marker placed at the far end of the alternate route, and none before it
Show answer

Answer B: By further markers of the same kind at each turn, until the original road is rejoined

The alternate route is signed continuously, with a marker at every turn, so a driver with no local knowledge can follow it back to the original road.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A driver in the left lane of a freeway realizes only when level with this sign that the ramp beside it is the one they need. What is the correct action?
1. Carry on to the next interchange and turn back from there
2. Stop on the shoulder and reverse along it to the ramp
3. Cut across the striped area that separates the ramp from the through lanes
4. Stop in the lane and wait for a gap to reach the ramp
Show answer

Answer A: Carry on to the next interchange and turn back from there

There is no safe way back to a ramp once it has been reached from the wrong lane, so the driver keeps going to the next interchange, where the ramps are built for that movement.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Where is signing of this kind normally placed along a freeway?
1. Only at the point where the ramp actually leaves the roadway, and never anywhere earlier on the approach
2. At the entrance to the nearest town, rather than on the highway itself
3. On the ramp itself, facing the traffic that has already left the through lanes
4. Ahead of the interchange and again at the exit, so a driver can reach the correct lane in time
Show answer

Answer D: Ahead of the interchange and again at the exit, so a driver can reach the correct lane in time

Guide information for an interchange is repeated on the approach and at the ramp, because a driver who learns about the exit only at the last moment has no room left for a safe lane change.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which facility does this sign direct a traveler toward?
1. A hotel with rooms for the night
2. A hospital offering emergency care
3. A heliport for private helicopter flights
4. A highway maintenance depot used by road crews
Show answer

Answer B: A hospital offering emergency care

This is the standard marker for medical care, used to lead a traveler to a hospital where emergency treatment is available.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which of these is announced with the same family of signs as the facility shown here?
1. A rest area for travelers
2. A change in the alignment of the road
3. A temporary lane closure
4. A crossing used by children
Show answer

Answer A: A rest area for travelers

A rest area belongs to the same motorist service series, which points travelers toward facilities such as fuel, food, lodging and medical care.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A regulatory message is normally carried on a sign whose shape is
1. a rectangle standing taller than it is wide
2. a diamond turned so that one corner points upward
3. a rectangle lying wider than it is tall, with a green face
4. an upward-pointing pentagon with five sides of equal size
Show answer

Answer A: a rectangle standing taller than it is wide

Regulatory signs that state a law, such as speed limits and turn restrictions, use a vertical rectangle with a black legend on a white background.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Which family of signs normally uses a rectangle that is wider than it is tall?
1. Warning signs, which announce a hazard further down the road
2. Guide signs, which name routes and destinations
3. Temporary control signs, used only while roadwork is going on
4. Regulatory signs, which state a law in force at that point
Show answer

Answer B: Guide signs, which name routes and destinations

Guide signs are laid out as horizontal rectangles because they have to carry route numbers, place names and distances side by side.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Some toll facilities use signs and markings with a purple background or a purple stripe. What do they identify?
1. Lanes that carry a higher toll during the busiest hours of the day
2. Lanes set aside for buses and for vehicles carrying several people
3. Ramps that lead only to a weigh station for commercial vehicles
4. Lanes reserved for vehicles with an electronic toll account
Show answer

Answer D: Lanes reserved for vehicles with an electronic toll account

Purple is assigned to lanes and ramps restricted to vehicles with a registered electronic toll collection account, so drivers without one must stay out.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On traffic control devices, the color green shows direction to a destination and also shows
1. that a service is available at the next exit
2. that work is being carried out on the roadway
3. that a movement is permitted
4. that a hazard lies a short distance ahead
Show answer

Answer C: that a movement is permitted

Green carries two assignments: guidance toward destinations, and the idea that the movement shown is allowed, as on a green arrow.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Besides motorist services and tourist information, a blue sign background is also used for
1. showing a work zone detour route
2. evacuation route signing
3. warning of an animal crossing
4. marking the end of a speed zone
Show answer

Answer B: evacuation route signing

Blue is assigned to road user services, tourist information and evacuation routes, so hurricane and other evacuation routes are signed in blue.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why are sign shapes and colors standardized across the whole country?
1. So every state can charge the same amount for a replacement sign
2. So the same crew can install signs in any state without training
3. So signs can be made from a single sheet size in every factory
4. So a driver knows the kind of message before reading it
Show answer

Answer D: So a driver knows the kind of message before reading it

Uniform shapes and colors let a driver classify a sign as regulatory, warning or guide from a distance, before the legend can be read.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Many signs use a symbol instead of words. The main advantage is that a symbol
1. does not have to be made of retroreflective material
2. allows the sign to be mounted lower than a worded sign
3. can be read from farther away and by more people
4. is cheaper to produce than a sign that carries a legend
Show answer

Answer C: can be read from farther away and by more people

A symbol is recognized at greater distance than a line of text and does not depend on the reader knowing English.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Permanent signs must be retroreflective or lighted so that
1. they show the same shape and color at night as by day
2. they can be seen from behind as well as from the front
3. they do not need to be cleaned during the winter months
4. they can be read by drivers who do not use headlights
Show answer

Answer A: they show the same shape and color at night as by day

Retroreflective sheeting throws headlight light back to the driver, so a sign keeps its daytime shape and color after dark.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A black and white regulatory sign facing traffic at a divided section reads KEEP LEFT. What does it require?
1. Moving into the left lane and staying there to the next junction
2. Giving way to any vehicle that is passing on the right side
3. Turning left at the next opening in the median or island
4. Passing the island or obstruction on its left side
Show answer

Answer D: Passing the island or obstruction on its left side

Keep Left is posted at an island or obstruction that traffic must pass on the left, which is the opposite of the far more common Keep Right situation.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A black on white regulatory sign at an intersection reads NO TURNS. What may a driver do there?
1. Turn left, because only right turns are covered by the wording
2. Only continue straight through the intersection
3. Turn right but not left, because right turns are always allowed
4. Turn either way after coming to a complete stop first
Show answer

Answer B: Only continue straight through the intersection

The NO TURNS sign bans turns in every direction at that intersection, so the only lawful movement from that approach is straight through.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A NO LEFT TURN sign carries a plaque reading 7 AM TO 9 AM MON TO FRI. What does the assembly mean?
1. The turn is banned only during those hours on those days
2. The turn is banned at all times, and the plaque shows the peak hours
3. The turn is allowed only during those hours on those days
4. The turn is banned during those hours and also every weekend
Show answer

Answer A: The turn is banned only during those hours on those days

A time plaque limits the restriction to the periods shown, so outside those hours and days the left turn may be made normally.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
The sign over the leftmost lane reads LEFT LANE MUST TURN LEFT. You are in that lane and want to go straight. What should you do?
1. Stop at the line and wait for a gap to change lanes in the intersection
2. Turn left and then make a U-turn to get back on to your route
3. Move out of the lane before the intersection if it is safe
4. Continue straight, since the sign applies only to trucks and buses
Show answer

Answer C: Move out of the lane before the intersection if it is safe

A mandatory movement lane control sign makes the turn compulsory for that lane, so a driver who wants another movement must change lanes in advance.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Study tip. Rule out the options you know are wrong first. Two plausible answers are easier to choose between than four.
A lane control sign over one lane shows both a straight arrow and a left arrow. What does it tell drivers in that lane?
1. Either movement may be made from that lane
2. Left turns are allowed only when no vehicle is going straight
3. The lane is about to end and merge with the lane on the left
4. Drivers must go straight, because the left arrow is for the next lane
Show answer

Answer A: Either movement may be made from that lane

An optional movement lane control sign lists every movement permitted from the lane, so a driver may choose any arrow shown.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Well before an intersection, an overhead sign shows a diagram of the lanes with an arrow above each one. What is its purpose?
1. To tell drivers that the lanes will be closed for work ahead
2. To mark the point where a driver must have finished any pass
3. To let drivers pick the correct lane in good time
4. To show which lane carries the heaviest traffic at that hour
Show answer

Answer C: To let drivers pick the correct lane in good time

Advance intersection lane control signs display the lane assignment far enough back that drivers can move over calmly instead of at the last moment.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign at the approach to a bridge reads WEIGHT LIMIT 10 TONS. What does the figure set?
1. The weight above which a vehicle must cross at a walking pace
2. The heaviest vehicle the bridge may legally carry
3. The heaviest load that may be carried on a single trailer axle
4. The weight above which a driver must sound the horn before crossing
Show answer

Answer B: The heaviest vehicle the bridge may legally carry

A weight limit sign is a regulation based on what the structure can bear, and it applies to the loaded weight of the whole vehicle.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Your loaded vehicle weighs more than the figure shown on a posted weight limit sign. What must you do?
1. Cross slowly and alone, keeping well away from other vehicles
2. Cross only if the bridge deck is dry and the weather is clear
3. Cross after sounding the horn to warn any oncoming driver
4. Find another route, because crossing is not permitted
Show answer

Answer D: Find another route, because crossing is not permitted

A posted weight limit is a legal maximum, not advice, so an overweight vehicle has to take a different route.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A regulatory sign posted at the start of a road reads LENGTH LIMIT 30 FEET. What does it control?
1. The length of the space a vehicle may occupy when parked
2. The overall length of vehicle allowed on that road
3. The distance a load may hang beyond the rear of a vehicle
4. The gap a driver must leave when following another vehicle
Show answer

Answer B: The overall length of vehicle allowed on that road

Some states post a length limit where tight curves or narrow structures lie ahead; it bars vehicles or combinations longer than the figure shown from using that road.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A white regulatory sign shows the silhouette of a truck inside a red circle with a diagonal slash. What does it mean?
1. Trucks are not allowed to use that road
2. Trucks must yield to all other traffic on that road
3. Trucks may use the road only outside of business hours
4. Trucks must use the right-hand lane along that stretch
Show answer

Answer A: Trucks are not allowed to use that road

The circle and slash over a symbol always means the movement or vehicle shown is prohibited, so trucks must keep off that roadway.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
What does a sign showing a bicycle inside a red circle with a diagonal slash prohibit?
1. Parking a bicycle anywhere along that roadway
2. Carrying a bicycle on a rack fitted to a vehicle
3. Passing a bicycle within the length of that roadway
4. Riding a bicycle on that roadway
Show answer

Answer D: Riding a bicycle on that roadway

This is a selective exclusion sign, used where bicycles are banned from a road such as a freeway or a tunnel.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign showing a walking figure inside a red circle with a diagonal slash stands at the start of a bridge. What does it mean?
1. People on foot may cross only where marked lines exist
2. People on foot must use the shoulder rather than the walkway
3. People on foot may not use that roadway
4. People on foot must walk facing the oncoming traffic there
Show answer

Answer C: People on foot may not use that roadway

The no pedestrians sign excludes people on foot from that roadway altogether, which is common on high-speed bridges and freeways.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign showing a figure with an outstretched thumb inside a red circle with a slash means that
1. passengers may be picked up only in a marked pull-off area
2. soliciting a ride is prohibited there
3. drivers may not stop to pick up a passenger at any point on that road
4. only vehicles carrying two or more people may travel on that road
Show answer

Answer B: soliciting a ride is prohibited there

The no hitchhiking sign bars standing beside the road to solicit a ride, and it is common along freeway ramps and shoulders.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A white regulatory sign near a state line reads BUCKLE UP IT IS THE LAW. What is it doing?
1. Reminding occupants that belt use is required
2. Warning that a checkpoint is operating a short distance ahead
3. Telling drivers that belts are required only on that highway
4. Advising that children must ride in the rear seats of the vehicle
Show answer

Answer A: Reminding occupants that belt use is required

The safety belt sign restates a law that already applies, and it is usually placed where drivers enter a state or a long rural stretch.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A regulatory sign reads TURN ON HEADLIGHTS NEXT 15 MILES. What does it require?
1. Headlights on only when another vehicle is in sight ahead
2. Parking lights on during the day and headlights after dark
3. Low beam headlights on for that stretch, day or night
4. High beam headlights until the end of the marked stretch
Show answer

Answer C: Low beam headlights on for that stretch, day or night

Such a section is signed where a road is hard to see along, and the requirement is to run headlights, not just daytime running lamps, through the whole stretch even in bright daylight.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Below a speed limit sign is a smaller panel with white numbers on a black background and the word NIGHT. What does it show?
1. The limit that applies to trucks after dark on that road
2. The speed advised for the curve that follows in darkness
3. The lowest speed that may be driven along that road at night
4. The limit that applies after dark
Show answer

Answer D: The limit that applies after dark

A night speed limit panel sets a separate legal maximum for the hours of darkness, and its reversed colors mark it as the night figure.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A speed limit sign carries a second panel reading TRUCKS 55. What does that panel do?
1. It sets the speed trucks must keep in the right-hand lane only
2. It sets a lower legal limit for trucks
3. It advises trucks of a comfortable speed for the grade ahead
4. It applies to trucks only while they are climbing the grade
Show answer

Answer B: It sets a lower legal limit for trucks

A truck speed limit panel is regulatory, so trucks are bound by the lower figure while other traffic keeps to the main limit.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign reads MINIMUM SPEED 40. What does it require of a driver?
1. To keep at least that speed even when the road is icy
2. To leave the highway if the vehicle cannot exceed that speed
3. Not to drive below that speed when conditions allow
4. To reach that speed before joining the through lanes ahead
Show answer

Answer C: Not to drive below that speed when conditions allow

A minimum speed limit keeps unnecessarily slow vehicles from obstructing traffic, but it never overrides the duty to slow down for weather or congestion.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign reads REDUCED SPEED LIMIT AHEAD. What does it tell you?
1. The limit has already dropped at the point where the sign stands
2. The limit is lower only while the beacon above the sign is flashing
3. Traffic ahead is congested, so speed will drop of its own accord
4. A lower limit begins further along the road
Show answer

Answer D: A lower limit begins further along the road

The sign gives advance notice so a driver can slow gradually, and the new figure takes effect at the speed limit sign that follows.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign reads END SCHOOL ZONE. What does it tell a driver?
1. The regular limit for that road applies again
2. Children may still be crossing for another block or two
3. The school speed limit applies only when children are present
4. A crossing guard is on duty at the corner just beyond the sign
Show answer

Answer A: The regular limit for that road applies again

An end of restriction sign marks the downstream limit of a special zone, after which the ordinary speed limit for that road governs again.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond shows an arrow bent into a series of reversing turns. What does it warn about?
1. Three or more changes of direction close together
2. A single sharp curve followed by a long straight section
3. A road that climbs and falls repeatedly over short hills
4. A section where the pavement edge is broken and uneven
Show answer

Answer A: Three or more changes of direction close together

The winding road sign replaces a string of separate curve signs where several bends follow one another with only short straights between them.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond shows an arrow that doubles back on itself. What kind of curve lies ahead?
1. A curve that is banked steeply toward the outside edge
2. A pair of curves that bend in opposite directions
3. A turn of 135 degrees or more, nearly doubling back
4. A curve that tightens gradually over a long distance
Show answer

Answer C: A turn of 135 degrees or more, nearly doubling back

The hairpin curve sign is used where the road changes direction by 135 degrees or more, and it is normally backed up by chevrons or a large arrow through the bend.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond on an exit ramp shows a truck tipping over onto two wheels. Which drivers does it concern most?
1. Those towing a trailer with a very heavy tongue weight
2. Those whose vehicle is longer than the ramp radius allows
3. Those carrying passengers who are not wearing safety belts
4. Those in tall vehicles carrying a high load
Show answer

Answer D: Those in tall vehicles carrying a high load

The truck rollover sign warns that the curve can overturn a vehicle with a high center of gravity, so such drivers must slow well below the normal ramp speed.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow sign ahead of an underpass reads LOW CLEARANCE 12 FT 6 IN. What does the figure tell you?
1. The height above which a vehicle must sound its horn first
2. The greatest height that can pass beneath the structure
3. The height of the structure measured from its own roadbed
4. The width of the opening available in each direction of travel
Show answer

Answer B: The greatest height that can pass beneath the structure

The figure is the actual clearance available, so a vehicle taller than that must leave the road and take a marked alternative route.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond reading DIP warns a driver about
1. a short, sharp depression in the road surface
2. a stretch where the pavement slopes toward one edge
3. a low spot that always holds water after any rain
4. a place where the shoulder falls away below the lane
Show answer

Answer A: a short, sharp depression in the road surface

A dip is an abrupt low point that can jolt a vehicle or scrape its underside, so speed should be reduced before reaching it.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow sign reads SOFT SHOULDER. What is it telling you?
1. The shoulder is reserved for bicycles along that stretch
2. The shoulder is being resurfaced further along the road
3. The shoulder may not carry the weight of a vehicle
4. The shoulder is paved but narrower than the one before it
Show answer

Answer C: The shoulder may not carry the weight of a vehicle

A soft shoulder is unpaved and can let a wheel sink, so a driver who leaves the pavement there may lose control or become stuck.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A SHOULDER DROP OFF sign warns that
1. the shoulder is separated from the lane by rumble strips
2. there is a step down from the pavement to the shoulder
3. the shoulder disappears completely a short way ahead
4. the shoulder is used as a travel lane during peak hours
Show answer

Answer B: there is a step down from the pavement to the shoulder

The sign is used where the edge of the pavement stands several inches above the shoulder, which can grab a wheel and pull the vehicle sideways.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond shows a car with wavy lines behind its rear tires. What is the warning?
1. The surface is loose gravel for the next few miles
2. The surface is grooved and will pull at the steering
3. The surface has ruts that fill with water in the rain
4. The surface loses grip badly when it is wet
Show answer

Answer D: The surface loses grip badly when it is wet

The slippery when wet sign marks a stretch where traction falls off sharply in rain, so speed and braking must be reduced well in advance.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow sign shows a truck on a slope with the legend 7 PERCENT GRADE. What should a driver of a heavy vehicle do?
1. Select a lower gear before starting down
2. Apply steady brake pressure the whole way down the hill
3. Shift into neutral so the engine is not strained by the slope
4. Wait at the top until no other vehicle is on the downgrade
Show answer

Answer A: Select a lower gear before starting down

The percentage shows how steep the descent is, and choosing a low gear at the top lets the engine hold the vehicle back instead of the brakes overheating.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign on a long descent points to a RUNAWAY TRUCK RAMP a mile ahead. What is that ramp for?
1. Giving trucks a place to cool their brakes before the descent
2. Holding trucks that are over the weight limit for the bridge
3. Stopping a vehicle whose brakes have failed
4. Letting slow trucks pull over so faster traffic can pass
Show answer

Answer C: Stopping a vehicle whose brakes have failed

An escape ramp climbs into deep gravel or sand to bring a vehicle with failed brakes to a halt, so no one should stop or park in it.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow sign reading DEAD END is posted at the entrance to a street. What does it mean?
1. The street is closed only while work is being carried out
2. The street ends at a gate that residents can open
3. The street narrows so that two vehicles cannot pass
4. The street ends and there is no way through
Show answer

Answer D: The street ends and there is no way through

A dead end street stops at its far end, so a driver who enters must come back out the same way.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
How does a NO OUTLET sign differ from a DEAD END sign?
1. It warns that the street becomes a private drive further along
2. It warns that a whole group of streets has no way out
3. It warns that the street ends at a sharp turn instead of a stop
4. It warns that the outlet is open only to residents of the area
Show answer

Answer B: It warns that a whole group of streets has no way out

No Outlet is posted where the road leads into a network of streets from which there is no through route, while Dead End refers to the single street itself.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond shows two lanes narrowing into one. What does it require of a driver?
1. Moving over immediately and stopping until traffic clears
2. Keeping to the lane that ends, because it has priority
3. Sounding the horn before entering the remaining lane
4. Adjusting speed and merging before the lane disappears
Show answer

Answer D: Adjusting speed and merging before the lane disappears

The lane ends sign gives notice that one lane will be dropped, so drivers should adjust speed and blend into the continuing lane in good time.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond shows the two edges of the road pinching toward each other. What does it mean?
1. The road is reduced to one lane worked by a flagger
2. The pavement gets narrower but the lanes continue
3. One of the two lanes ends within a few hundred feet
4. The road changes from pavement to a gravel surface
Show answer

Answer B: The pavement gets narrower but the lanes continue

The road narrows sign warns that the traveled way becomes tighter, leaving less room beside passing vehicles even though no lane is dropped.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Study tip. When two answers both seem legal, pick the one that is safer for everyone on the road. That is how most tests are written.
What does a NARROW BRIDGE warning sign tell a driver?
1. The bridge is tighter than the road leading up to it
2. The bridge carries traffic in only one direction at a time
3. The bridge has no shoulder but is as wide as the road
4. The bridge may be crossed only by vehicles under a set width
Show answer

Answer A: The bridge is tighter than the road leading up to it

A narrow bridge still carries both directions, but with much less clearance than the approaches, so drivers should slow and hold their lane position carefully.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Why is a sign reading BRIDGE ICES BEFORE ROAD worth heeding even when the road itself is merely wet?
1. Salt is never applied to a bridge deck during a storm
2. Bridge decks hold rainwater longer than a normal roadway
3. Cold air passes under a bridge as well as over it
4. Bridges are always built with a smoother surface than roads
Show answer

Answer C: Cold air passes under a bridge as well as over it

A bridge deck loses heat from below as well as above, so it can be frozen while the road on either side of it is only wet.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A sign showing a walking figure carries a plaque below it with an arrow slanting down to the right. What does the plaque add?
1. The crossing is used only during school hours
2. The crossing is at that very spot
3. The crossing lies about a block further on
4. Pedestrians must cross on the right-hand side
Show answer

Answer B: The crossing is at that very spot

A downward-slanting arrow plaque marks the crossing itself, whereas an AHEAD or distance plaque would place it further along the road.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond showing a bicycle is posted on a rural road. What should a driver expect?
1. Bicyclists crossing or riding along the roadway there
2. A bicycle repair shop reached from the next intersection
3. A path that bicycles must use instead of the roadway
4. A lane set aside for bicycles beginning a short way ahead
Show answer

Answer A: Bicyclists crossing or riding along the roadway there

The bicycle warning sign is used where a bikeway crosses the road or where riders are likely to be in the traffic lanes, so drivers should look carefully and pass wide.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond shows a horse with a rider. Besides slowing down, what else should a driver do?
1. Pass as quickly as possible to shorten the encounter
2. Stop level with the horse and wait for it to move away
3. Avoid using the horn or revving the engine
4. Flash the headlights so the rider knows you are there
Show answer

Answer C: Avoid using the horn or revving the engine

The equestrian crossing sign warns of horses on or across the road, and a sudden noise can startle an animal into the traffic lane.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A warning sign showing two children on a see-saw is posted beside a residential street. What does it mean?
1. A school crossing with a guard is staffed further ahead
2. Parking is set aside for families using the park nearby
3. Children may cross only where the marked lines are painted
4. A play area lies beside the road and children may run out
Show answer

Answer D: A play area lies beside the road and children may run out

The playground sign warns that children are present next to the roadway and may enter it without looking, so drivers should cover the brake and slow down.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A deer has just crossed in front of you on a stretch signed for animal crossings. What is the best assumption?
1. The animal will return along the same line it took before
2. More animals are likely to follow the first one
3. The rest of the herd will have been scared away by now
4. The area beyond the next curve will be free of animals
Show answer

Answer B: More animals are likely to follow the first one

Deer travel in groups, so one animal crossing usually means others are about to follow, and a driver should slow and keep scanning both shoulders.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A yellow diamond showing a truck is posted beside a quarry entrance. What is it warning about?
1. Trucks turning onto the highway from that entrance
2. A weigh station that trucks must enter a mile ahead
3. A stretch where trucks are banned from the left lane
4. A grade where trucks are likely to be moving very slowly
Show answer

Answer A: Trucks turning onto the highway from that entrance

A truck crossing or trucks entering sign is used where heavy vehicles pull onto the road from a site, and they accelerate slowly once they are on it.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On the Interstate system, what do the odd-numbered one and two digit routes have in common?
1. They run mainly east and west across the country
2. They are all toll roads operated by a state authority
3. They all begin and end inside a single state boundary
4. They run mainly north and south
Show answer

Answer D: They run mainly north and south

Odd numbers are given to north and south Interstates and even numbers to east and west ones, with the numbers rising toward the north and the east.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
You see a shield for a three-digit Interstate whose first digit is even. What does that tell you about the route?
1. It carries only local traffic and has no interchanges
2. It is a temporary route used while repairs are made
3. It loops around a city and rejoins its parent route
4. It is a short spur that stops inside the city center
Show answer

Answer C: It loops around a city and rejoins its parent route

A three-digit Interstate beginning with an even digit is a loop or beltway that connects back to the main route at both ends, while an odd first digit marks a spur.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Along a highway the reference markers count upward as you travel. Where does the numbering normally begin?
1. At the point where the highway was first opened to traffic
2. At the midpoint of the route, counting outward both ways
3. At the southern or western edge of the state
4. At the largest city that the highway passes through
Show answer

Answer C: At the southern or western edge of the state

Mileage numbering starts where the route enters the state from the south or the west, so rising numbers tell a driver which way they are heading.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On a highway with mileage-based exit numbering, you have just passed exit 42 and are looking for exit 55. About how far is it?
1. It cannot be worked out from the numbers
2. Thirteen miles
3. Thirteen exits, whatever the distance
4. Half an hour at the posted speed limit
Show answer

Answer B: Thirteen miles

With mileage-based numbering each exit takes the number of the nearest milepost, so subtracting one exit number from another gives the distance in miles.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On an overhead guide sign, the small exit number panel sits above the left-hand end rather than the right. What does that placement tell you?
1. The exit leaves from the left side of the roadway
2. The exit number has been changed since the sign was made
3. The exit serves only trucks and other heavy vehicles
4. The exit is the first of two that share the same number
Show answer

Answer A: The exit leaves from the left side of the roadway

The exit number plaque is placed on the side from which the ramp leaves, which gives advance notice of the unusual left-hand exit.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
On a rural two-lane road you pass small blue signs, each naming one business with an arrow and a distance. What are they?
1. Advertising panels that any local business may buy
2. Emergency signs showing where help can be summoned
3. Recreation signs for parks and historic sites nearby
4. Tourist-oriented directional signs for traveler businesses
Show answer

Answer D: Tourist-oriented directional signs for traveler businesses

Tourist-oriented directional signs carry a white legend on blue and are used on rural conventional roads to guide travelers to eligible businesses.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
Enhanced reference location markers differ from ordinary mileposts in that they
1. are posted only on the Interstate system and never elsewhere
2. carry the route number and a mileage figure to the tenth of a mile
3. are repeated every five miles instead of every mile
4. show the distance left to the next interchange on the route
Show answer

Answer B: carry the route number and a mileage figure to the tenth of a mile

An enhanced reference location marker adds the route designation and carries the mileage to a tenth, so the point named is far more precise than a plain milepost.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
An orange sign reads RIGHT LANE CLOSED AHEAD. What is the correct response?
1. Move left in good time and keep a steady pace
2. Stay right until the cones force a change of lane
3. Stop on the shoulder until the closed lane reopens
4. Speed up so as to pass the closure before it starts
Show answer

Answer A: Move left in good time and keep a steady pace

The sign is placed well before the taper so that drivers can merge smoothly rather than braking hard where the lane actually closes.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
An orange sign reading END ROAD WORK is posted beside the highway. What does it mark?
1. The date on which the project is due to be finished
2. The last chance to leave the highway before the work
3. The point where the work zone restrictions stop
4. The place where the work crew parks its equipment
Show answer

Answer C: The point where the work zone restrictions stop

The sign is installed at the downstream end of the temporary traffic control zone to tell drivers that normal conditions apply again.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov
A barricade carries a sign reading ROAD CLOSED TO THROUGH TRAFFIC. What does it permit?
1. Access for any vehicle once the work crew has gone home
2. Local access for people whose destination is on that road
3. Access for any driver who is willing to drive slowly
4. Access for through traffic outside of working hours only
Show answer

Answer B: Local access for people whose destination is on that road

This closure keeps out drivers who are only passing through while still allowing residents and deliveries to reach addresses within the closed section.

Source: mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov